Uniform Circular Motion

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Uniform Circular Motion: Overview

In this topic, we will discuss uniform circular motion which takes place when an object follows a circular path at a constant speed. It also explains centripetal acceleration with the help of examples and figures.

Important Questions on Uniform Circular Motion

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Two particles of mass M and m are moving in a circle of radii R and r. If their time – periods are same, what will be the ratio of their linear velocities?

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A particle of mass M is moving in a horizontal circle of radius R with uniform speed V. When it moves from one point to a diametrically opposite point, its :

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A smooth semicircular wire track of radius R is fixed in a vertical plane. One end of a massless spring of natural length  3R4 is attached to the lowest point O of the wire track. A small ring of mass m which can slide on the track is attached to the other end of the spring. The ring is held stationary at point P such that the spring makes an angle of 60° with the vertical. The spring constant K=mgR. Consider the instant when the ring is released. The normal reaction on the ring by the track is

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A hemispherical bowl of radius R=0.1 m is rotating about its own axis (which is vertical), with an angular velocity ω. A particle of mass 10-2 kg on the frictionless inner surface of the bowl is also rotating with the same ω. The particle is at a height h from the bottom of the bowl.
Obtain the relation between h and ω. What is the minimum value of ω needed, in order to have a non-zero value of h ?

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An electric line of force in the xy plane is given by the equation x2+y2=1. A particle with unit positive charge, initially at rest at the point x=1,y=0 in the xy plane, will move along the circular line of force.

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Why is centrifugal force considered as an imaginary force?

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In circular motion speed depends on angular position as v= θ+5 m/s. The value of θ as a function of time t is

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An artificial satellite is orbiting around the earth with the speed of 4 km s-1  at a distance of 104 km from the earth. Calculate its centripetal acceleration. 

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 A stone tied to the end of the string 100 cm long is whirled in a horizontal circle with a constant speed.If the stone makes 30 revolutions in 15 s. Calculate the magnitude and direction of the acceleration of the stone. 

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An aircraft executes a horizontal loop of radius 1 km with a steady speed of 900 km h-1.  Compare its centripetal acceleration with the acceleration due to gravity? 

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 A stone is tied at the end of a string 1 m long and whirled round by holding the other end.  The stone makes 120 revolutions in 12 seconds. Calculate its angular velocity and linear velocity.

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The angular displacement of a body is given by θ=2t2+5t-3. Find the value of the angular velocity and angular acceleration when t=2s.

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Derive an equation for the angle covered by a rotating rigid body in the nth second.

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The blades of an aeroplane propeller are 2 m long and rotate at 300 rpm.  Calculate linear velocity of a point on the aeroplane blade, 0.5 m from the axis of rotation.

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The blades of an aeroplane propeller are 2 m long and rotate at 300 rpm.  Calculate angular velocity of a point on the blade, 0.5 m from the axis of rotation.

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The blades of an aeroplane propeller are 2 m long and rotate at 300 rpm. Calculate the period of rotation of a point on a lade, 0.5 m from the axis of rotation.

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The blades of an aeroplane propeller are 2 m long and rotate at 300 rpm.  Calculate frequency of a point on a blade, 0.5 m from the axis of rotation of the blades.

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What is the angular velocity of a body on the surface of the earth at the equator ? Also find its linear velocity. Given radius of the earth is 6400 km. Period of rotation of the earth is 24 hours.

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What is the angular velocity of a minute hand of a clock?

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What is the angular velocity of a second hand of a clock?